IJREH | Evaluation and Characterization of Tannery Wastewater in each process at batu and modjo tannery, Ethiopia

Indexing and Abstracting

Evaluation and Characterization of Tannery Wastewater in each process at batu and modjo tannery, Ethiopia

Abdrie Seid Hassen , Tesfalem Belay Woldeamanuale

International Journal of Rural Development, Environment and Health Research(IJREH), Vol-1,Issue-3, September - October 2017, Pages 17-26,

Download | Downloads : 6 | Total View : 1379

Abstract:

The leather industry is suffering from the negative impact generated by the pollutionit causes to the environment. Nearly 70% of the pollution loads of BOD, COD, and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) are generated from soaking, liming, deliming, pickling and tanning and retanning processes. There is an enormous pressure from the various pollution control bodies to regulate and minimize the amount of pollution generated from the leatherprocessing. The need for use of alternative to chemical methods to combat pollution problem have become necessary to protect the industry and to comply with the environmental norms. In the present study, effluent samples were collected from Batu and Modjoa tannery in Ethiopia. The effluent samples were collected from all stages of processing viz., soaking,liming, deliming, pickling, Chrome tanning and Retaining. The physicochemical parameters of the tannery effluent viz.pH, alkalinity, acidity, biochemicaloxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), totalsolids (TS), total dissolved solids (TDS), suspended solids (SS), chlorides and sulfides were determined. All the parametersincluded in this study are found to be higher than the prescribed discharge limits for tannery industries. The investigation of the tannery wastewater from different tanning processes gave a number of conclusions. The results indicate that the wastewaters from the tanneries do not satisfy the legal ranges of selected parameters discharge to inland water and to sewer.

Keywords:

Alkalinity, Acidity, COD, BOD, Tannerywastewater, Sulfides, Chlorides.

References:

[1] U.S .EPA. (1986). Guidelines for the health risk assessment of chemical mixtures (PDF) EPA/630/R-98/002.
[2] Tunay O, Kabdasli I, Orhon D, Ates E. (1995).Characterization and pollution profile of leather tanning industry in Turkey. Water SciTechnol; 32:19.
[3] Cooman K, Gajardo M, Nieto J, Bornhardt C, Vidal G. (2003). Tannery wastewater characterization and toxicity effects onDaphnia spp. Environ Toxicol; 18:45–51.
[4] Ates E, Orhon D, Tunay O. (1997). Characterization of tannery wastewaters for pretreatment selected case studies. Water SciTechnol; 36:217–23.
[5] S aravanbahavanS, Thaikaivelan P, Raghava Rao J, Nair BU, Ramasami T. (2004). Natural leathers from natural materials: progressing toward a new arena in leather processing. Environ SciTechnol; 38:871–9.
[6] Lofrano G, Aydin E, Russo F, Guida M, Belgiorno V, MericS.(2008). Characterization, fluxes and toxicity of leather tanning bath chemicals in a large tanning district area (IT),Water Air Soil Pollut;8:529–42.
[7] Di Iaconi C, Del Moro G, De S anctis M, Rossetti S. A (2010).chemically enhanced biological process for lowering operative costs and solid residues of industrial recalcitrant wastewater treatment. Water Res; 44:3635–44.
[8] De Nicola E, Meriç S , Gallo M, Iaccarino M, Della Rocca C, Lofrano G. (2007). Vegetable and synthetic tannins inducehormesis/toxicity in sea urchin early development and in algal growth. Environ Pollut; 146:46–54.
[9] LofranoG, Meric S, Belgiorno V, Napoli RMA. (2007). Fenton’s oxidation of various based synthetic tannins (syntans). Desalination a; 211:10–21.
[10] Munz G, De Angelis D, Gori R, Mori G, Casarci M, LubelloC. (2009).The role of tannins in conventionalangogated membrane treatment of tannery wastewater. J Hazard Mater; 164:733–9.
[11] Ramasami, T., Rajamani, S ., and Raghavarao, J., (1994). Pollution control in leather industry: Emerging technological options, Paper presented at International symposium on surface and colloidal science and its relevance to soil pollution, madras.
[12] Beem, E.I.V., (1994). “reduction of solvent VOC emission”, J. Oil Col. Chem. Ass. 77, 158.
[13] Hugo S pringer, (1994). John Arthur Wilson M emorial Lecture “Treatment of Industrial Wastes of the Leather Industry- is it still a Major Problem”. JALCA, 89, 153-185.
[14] Gayatri R., Rama rajaram, Nair, B.C.U., Chandrasekaran, F., and Ramasami, T.( 1999). Proc. Indian Acad. Sci (Chem. Sci.), 111(1),133-145.
[15] Clesceri, L.S ., Greenberg, A.E. and Trussel, R.R. Eds. (1989). In standard methods forthe examination of water and wastewater, 17th ed, American publich
[16] Kulkarni, R.T. (1992). Source and characteristic of dairy wastes from a medium size effluent on micro-organism plant growth and their microbial change. Life.Sci.Adv.3:76-78.
[17] Reddy, P.M. and Subba Rao N. (2001). Effects of industrial effluents on the groundwater regime in Vishakhapatnam. Pollution Research, 20(3): 383 - 386.
[18] Goel, P.K.2000. Water pollution causes, effects and control, New Age International (p) Ltd., Publ. New Delhi 269.
[19] Alabaster, J.S., Llyod, R. (1980). Water quality criteria for fresh water fish, Butterwords London. ealth association Washington DC. 150