IJREH | Diagnosis and Management of Asthma: A Review

Indexing and Abstracting

Diagnosis and Management of Asthma: A Review

Racheal Gill , Rajesh Kumar , Ajeet Pal Singh , Amar Pal Singh , Prachi Sharma

International Journal of Rural Development, Environment and Health Research(IJREH), Vol-8,Issue-2, April - June 2024, Pages 23-35,

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Article Info: Received: 30 Jan 2024; Received in revised form: 12 Mar 2024; Accepted: 22 Mar 2024; Available online: 03 Apr 2024

Abstract:

Asthma is a common chronic disease characterized by respiratory symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. These symptoms are usually associated with airflow limitation due to inflammation and airway constriction. Asthma is a significant global health issue, impacting millions of people and causing considerable morbidity.It is known for its heterogeneity and its pathophysiology involves a complex interplay of genetic, environmental factors, leading to inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness and airway remodeling. Grasping the severity of asthma is crucial for tailoring treatment strategies effectively. Treatment of asthma aims to achieve symptom control , improve ling function and prevent its worsening. The pharmacologic treatment of asthma typically involves a stepwise approach based on severity and frequency of symptoms. For intermittent asthma , short -acting beta agonists (SABAs) are commonly used for quick relief of symptoms and for persevere asthma , inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are main stay of treatment to reduce airway inflammation and prevent axacerbations. In more severe cases or when ICS alone are not sufficient ,a combination therapy of ICS with long - acting beta agonists (LABAs) is recommended to provide both anti-inflammatory and broncodilator effects.

Keywords:

Asthma; asthma dignosis; asthma pathophysiology; asthma treatment; biologics.

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