IJREH | An Investigation of the Possible Effects of Oil Wells and Refineries on Landscapes: Batman Case

Indexing and Abstracting

An Investigation of the Possible Effects of Oil Wells and Refineries on Landscapes: Batman Case

Altuntas A.

International Journal of Rural Development, Environment and Health Research(IJREH), Vol-4,Issue-5, September - October 2020, Pages 179-189, 10.22161/ijreh.4.5.3

Download | Downloads : 7 | Total View : 924

Abstract:

Petroleum is a substance that mostly consists of hydrocarbons, nitrogen, sulfur, oxygen and small amounts of metal elements. This substance, extracted from underground, has a unique odor, a very intense consistency and a dark color. Throughout history, people have benefited from oil in different ways. With the processing of oil, many by-products are obtained. These by-products are used in many different areas such as transportation, medicine, accommodation, heating and clothing. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible effects of oil extracted from underground resources on the landscape. For this purpose, Batman province was chosen as a sample area. Batman is one of the 9 provinces in the Southeastern Anatolia Region. Batman economy is based on oil, agriculture and animal husbandry. Turkey's first oil refinery is located in Batman. In the research, field observations, literature on the subject and the area and DPSIR analysis were used. DPSIR analysis is a five-stage analysis method and is used especially for the purpose of determining the situation and guiding / determining the direction of decision makers in environmental issues. It is among the results obtained that the primary environmental problem of Batman province is air pollution, one of the reasons may be one of the oil exploration / extraction / processing activities in the region and this situation plays an important role on the ecological balance, especially human health.

Keywords:

Batman, DPSIR, Landscape, Oil Refinery, Oil Well.

References:

[1] Agyemang I, McDonald A, and Carver S. (2007). Application of the Dpsır Framework to Environmental Degradation Assessment in Northern Ghana, Natural Resources Forum, 31, pp. 212–225
[2] Anonymous (2017). Technical Assistance Project for Strengthening the Capacity of the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization in the EIA Field. T.R. Ministry of Environment and Urbanization, Department of European Union Investments, 45 p.
[3] Anonymous (2019a). Environmental Indicators 2017. T.C. Ministry of Environment and Urbanization, General Directorate of Environmental Impact Assessment, Permit and Inspection, Ankara, 150 p.
[4] Anonymous (2019b). Turkey Environmental Problems and Priorities Assessment Report (with the data for 2017). T.R. Ministry of Environment and Urbanization, General Directorate of Environmental Impact Assessment, Permit and Inspection, Department of Environmental Inventory and Information Management, Ankara, 150 p.
[5] Anonymous (2020). Oil Production in Turkey. https://www.petform.org.tr/arama-uretim-sektoru/turkiyede-petrol-uretimi/ (Access date: 06.09.2020).
[6] Batman Governorship (2019). Environmental Status Report of Batman Province for 2018. Batman Governorship Provincial Directorate of Environment and Urbanization, Batman.
[7] Dindar E (2014). Reclamation of Soils Contaminated with Oil and Petroleum Products. Uludag University, Institute of Science, Environmental Engineering Department, 112 p.
[8] Entrekin S, Evans-White M, Johnson B, Hagenbuch E. (2011). Rapid Expansion of Natural Gas Development Poses a Threat to Surface Waters. Front. Ecoogical Environment (9): 503–511.
[9] Giupponi C (2002). From the DPSIR Reporting Framework to a System for a Dynamic and Integrated Decision Making Process, MULINO Conference on “European policy and tools for sustainable water management”, Venice, Italy, 21-23 November.
[10] Hız Ö (2015). Research on Appropriate Methods for Detection and Removal of Oil Pollution within the Scope of Soil Pollution Control Regulation. ITU Institute of Science, Environmental Sciences and Engineering Department, Environmental Engineering Program, Istanbul, 142 p.
[11] Ibeanu O. (2000). Oiling The Friction: Environmental Conflict Management in The Niger
Delta, Nigeria. Environmental Change & Security Project Report. pp. 19–32 Issue 6,
Summer
[12] Ilgar R. (2018). The Oil Sector in Terms of Environmental Awareness, The Place and Importance of Çanakkale Strait in the Market. Eastern Geography Journal, (39): 25-44 p.
[13] Kristensen P. (2004). The DPSIR Framework. Comperehensive/detailed Assessment of the Vulnerability of Water Resources to Environmental Change in Africa Using River Basin Approach, 27-29 September 2004, UNEP Headquarters, Nairobi, Kenya.
[14] Madu C.N, Kuei C, Ozumba B.C, Nnadi V.E, Madu I.F, Ezeasr I.C. (2018). Using The DPSIR Framework and Data Analytics to Analyze Oil Spillages in The Niger Delta Area. Land Use Policy, Elsevier, 78(2018): 78-90.
[15] Medhat F.K.A. (2019). Geotechnical and Environmenal Effects of Oily Wastewater on Erbil Soils. Hasan Kalyoncu University Graduate School of Natural and AppliedSciences Institute, 135 p.
[16] Ogwu, F.A. (2014). Petroleum Pipelines, Spillages and the Environment of the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria. World Environment. 4 (3), 93–100.
[17] Saltıkgil H.V. (1970). In the World and Turkey Petroleum: Petroleum to Worshipers of the Fire Worshipers. Documentary Journal of Turkish History (28): 36-37 p.
[18] Shah R. (2000). International Frameworks of Environmental Statistics and Indicators, Inception Workshop on the Institutional Strengthening and Collection of Environment Statistics, Samarkand, Uzbekistan.
[19] Slonecker E, Milheim L, Roig-Silva C, Malizia A, Marr D, Fisher G. (2012). Landscape Consequences of Natural Gas Extraction in Bradford and Washington Counties, Pennsylvania, 2004–2010; US Geological Survey, Open-File Report; U.S. Geological Survey: Reston, VA, USA.
[20] Slonecker E.T, Milheim L.E. (2015). Landscape Disturbance from Unconventional and Conventional Oil and Gas Development in the Marcellus Shale Region of Pennsylvania, USA. Environments (2): 200-220.
[21] Tavşan C. (2008). Research of Best Management Practices for the Purpose of Reducing Distributed Nutrient Loads in Melen Basin. ITU Institute of Science, Environmental Engineering Department, Environmental Engineering Program, 306 p.
[22] Türsan N. (1972). Middle East and Oil. Documents Turkish Journal of History, Vol. 10, No (56): 40 p.
[23] Vázquez F.J, Mattei F.E.E. (2003). A Methodology for Policy Analysis in Water Resources Management, European Summer School, In Resources and Environmental Economic, Political Economy of the Environment, Italy.