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International Journal Of Horticulture, Agriculture And Food Science(IJHAF)

Exploring Gut Microbiome, Gut-Brain Axis and Relationship with Exercise; Exploring the Impact of Exercise on Metabolic and Mental Well-Being

Charul Mishra , Apeksha Mewani


International Journal of Horticulture, Agriculture and Food science(IJHAF), Vol-9,Issue-1, January - March 2025, Pages 17-25, 10.22161/ijhaf.9.1.3

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Article Info: Received: 09 Jan 2025; Received in revised form: 11 Feb 2025; Accepted: 18 Feb 2025; Available online: 23 Feb 2025

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An individual's gut microbiome influences multiple mechanisms within host physiology, playing a crucial role in metabolism, immunity, and neurological function. The diversity of gut microbes evolves throughout an individual’s lifetime, with disturbances and alterations linked to metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. The gut comprises approximately 100 million neurons, more than the human spinal cord, and is often referred to as the "second brain." Emerging research highlights a bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain through multiple mechanisms, including neural, immune, and endocrine pathways. While scientists have extensively explored the role of nutrition and probiotics in gut health, the independent effects of exercise on the gut microbiome and gut-brain axis remain under-researched. This review aims to examine the gut microbiome, its intricate connections, and the influence of exercise in modulating gut microbial composition, thereby improving host physiology. Additionally, it investigates the impact of physical activity on the gut-brain axis, particularly in relation to mood and behavioral disorders. Given the increasing burden of chronic diseases and mental health disorders, understanding the exercise-gut interaction offers valuable insights for public health strategies focused on disease prevention, mental well-being, and holistic health promotion.

Exercise, Gut-Brain Axis, Gut Microbiome, Mental Health

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