• editor.aipublications@gmail.com
  • Track Your Paper
  • Contact Us
  • ISSN: 2456-8791

International Journal Of Forest, Animal And Fisheries Research(IJFAF)

An Assessment of the Conservation Attitude towards Bats in Bamenda City, Northwest Region, Cameroon

Melle Ekane Maurice , Olle Ambe Flaubert , Ekabe Quenter Mbinde , Chah Nestor Mbah

Download | Downloads : 8 | Total View : 2549

DOI: 10.22161/ijfaf.1.3.2

Journal : International Journal Of Forest, Animal And Fisheries Research(IJFAF)

Share

Throughout the world land dedicated to the conservation of wildlife is generally small in size due to extensive areas transformed to provide food, housing and other resources for human society. Consequently, the conservation of wildlife species like bats depends mostly on their capacity and flexibility to persist within this modified landscape, particularly in the rural environment. The objective of this research was to examine the attitude of the inhabitants of Bamenda city towards bats. The data collection was done by the use of questionnaires, administered to 525 inhabitants in the study area. The results of this survey revealed a positive correlation, R2 = 0.874 at P < 0.05 on the national government encouragement for bat-watching. The age-class and bat-watching has shown a positive correlation, R2 = 0.767 at P < 0.05. The score of 47.98% respondents has shown that so many people might be very much interested on the protection of bats population in Bamenda. Moreover, a respondent score of 54.44% was in favour of the protection of bats to enhance the conservation of fauna in the area. Furthermore, the study has shown a respondent score of 67.94% on the awareness of bats in Bamenda city, whereas 32.06% has shown unawareness. The awareness knowledge disparity might be based on the fact that some people in Bamenda city are visitors and might not have been in this city for long, hence their knowledge on the existence of bats in some areas of the city like the Up-Station neighborhood is lacking. This study recommends that an intensive conservation campaign be launched by the national government to profoundly enrich the bats conservation awareness and interest to the people of this area.

Wildlife species, Bat-watching, Environment, Inhabitants, Conservation.

[1] Ajabji, S., Tendem, P. and Nkembi, L. (2008). A socio-economic report for the Bechati Fossimondi-Besali forest adjacent villages. Final project report submitted to WWF Netherland, US Fish and Wildlife Service and Tusk Trust UK. Buea, Cameroon.
[2] Bamenda City Council (2011). The Map of Bamenda City Council.
[3] Banack SA (1996) Flying foxes, genus Pteropus, in the Samoan Islands: interactions with forest communities. Dissertation. University of California, California.
[4] Bennett, A., Brown, G., Lumsden, L., Hespe, D., Krasna, S. and Silins, J. (1998).Fragments for the Future. Wildlife inthe Victorian Riverina (the Northern Plains).Department of Natural Resources and Environment, East Melbourne.
[5] Bjerke, T., 1998. Attitudes toward animals among Norwegian adolescents of People & Animals, 11(2), pp.79–86.
[6] Brooke AP, Solek C, Tualaulelei A (2000) Roosting behavior of colonial and solitary flying foxes in American Samoa (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae). Biotropica 32(2):338–350.
[7] Carvalho M, Palmeirim JM, Rego FC et al (2014) What motivates hunters to target exotic or endemic species on the island of São Tomé, Gulf of Guinea? Oryx 1–9.
[8] Daily, G.C., Ehrlich, P.R. and Sanchez-Azofeifa, G.A. (2001). Countryside biogeography: use of human-dominated habitats by the avifauna of southern Costa Rica. Ecological Applications 11: 1-13.
[9] Dougnon TJ, Djossa BA, Youssao I et al (2012) Bats as bushmeat in Benin: yield in carcass and meat quality of the fruit bats Eidolon helvum (Kerr, 1792) and Epomophorus gambianus (Ogilby, 1835). Int J Sci Adv Technol 2:81–90.
[10] Fenton, M.B. (1995). Constraint and flexibility – bats as predators, bats as prey. Symposia of the Zoological Society London 67: 277-289.
[11] Ford, H.A., Barrett, G.W., Saunders, D.A. and Recher, H.F. (2001). Why have birds in the woodlands of southern Australia declined? Biological Conservation 97: 71-88.
[12] Fuller, R.J., Trevelyan, R.J. and Hudson, R.W. (1997). Landscape composition models for breeding bird populations in lowland English farmland over a 20 year period. Ecography 20: 295-307.
[13] Gumal MT (2004) Diurnal home range and roosting trees of a maternity colony of Pteropus vampyrus natunae (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae) in Sedilu, Sarawak. J Trop Ecol 20:247–258.
[14] Harris, S. and Woollard, T. (1990). The dispersal of mammals inagricultural habitats in Britain. Pp. 159-188. In Species Dispersal in Agricultural Habitats. Bunce, R.G.H. and Howard, D.C. (Eds.). Belhaven Press, London.
[15] Jenkins RK, Racey PA (2008) Bats as bushmeat in Madagascar. Madagascar Conserv Dev 3(1):22–30.
[16] Kamins AO, Restif O, Ntiamoa-Baidu Y et al (2011) Uncovering the fruit bat bushmeat commodity chain and the true extent of fruit bat hunting in Ghana, West Africa. Biol Conserv 144:3000–3008.
[17] Kellert, S.R. & Berry, J.K., 1987. attitudes , knowledge , and behaviors toward wildlife as affected by gender. wildlife society bulletin, 15, pp.363–371
[18] Luck, G.W. (2003). Differences in the reproductive success and survival of the rufous treecreeper (Climacteris rufa) between a fragmented and unfragmented landscape. Biological Conservation 109: 1-14.
[19] Major, R.E., Christie, F.J., Gowing, G. and Ivison, T.J. (1999). Age structure and density of red-capped robin populationsvary with habitat size and shape. Journal of Applied Ecology 36: 901-908.
[20] Mickleburgh, S.P., Hutson, A.M. & Racey, P.A., 1992. Old World Fruit Bats: An action Plan for their Conservation,
[21] Mildenstein TL (2012) Conservation of endangered flying foxes in the Philippines: effects of anthropogenic disturbance and research methods for community-based conservation. Ph.D. thesis, University of Montana, United States.
[22] Mildenstein TL, Mills LS (2013) Mariana fruit bat conservation through research and local capacity building. Final Report for Cooperative Agreement Number: N40192-11-2-8005, prepared for NAVFAC Marianas.
[23] Medellín, R.A., Equihua, M. and Amin, M.A. (2000). Bat diversity and abundance as indicators of disturbance inneotropical rainforests. Conservation Biology 14:1666-1675.
[24] Mildenstein T, Cariño A, Paul S (2008). Acerodon jubatus. The IUCN Red List of threatened species. Version 2014.3. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 17 Mar 2015
[25] Mulder, M.B. 2009. Knowledge and attitudes of children of the Rupununi: Implications for conservation in Guyana. Biological Conservation, 142(4), pp.879–887
[26] O'Donnell, C.F.J. (2000). Influence of season, habitat, temperature, and invertebrate availability on nocturnal activity ofthe New Zealand long-tailed bat (Chalinolobus tuberculatus). New Zealand Journal of Zoology 27: 207-221.
[27] Pierson, E.D. (1998). Tall trees, deep holes, and scarred landscapes: conservation biology of North American bats. Pp. 309-325. In Bat Biology and Conservation. Kunz, T.H. and Racey, P.A. (Eds.). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington.
[28] Racey, P.A. (1998). Ecology of European batsin relation to their conservation. Pp.249-260. In Bat Biology and Conservation. Kunz, T.H. and Racey, P.A. (Eds.). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington.
[29] Racey PA, Entwistle AC (2000) Life history and reproductive strategies in bats. In: Crighton E, Krutzsch PH (eds) Reproductive biology of bats. Academic Press, NY, pp 363–414.
[30] Racey, P.A. and Entwistle, A.C. (2003). Conservation ecology of bats. Pp. 680-743. In Bat Ecology. Kunz, T.H. and Fenton, M.B. (Eds.). The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
[31] Reid, N. and Landsberg, J. (1999). Tree decline in agricultural landscapes: what we stand to lose. Pp. 127-166. In Temperate Eucalypt Woodlands in Australia:Biology, Conservation, Management and Restoration. Hobbs, R.J. and Yates, C.J. (Eds.). Surrey Beatty & Sons, Chipping Norton.
[32] Rodríguez-Durán, A. and Vázquez, R. (2001). The bat Artibeus jamaicensisin Puerto Rico (West Indies): seasonality of diet, activity, and the effect of a hurricane. Acta Chiropterologica 3: 53-61.
[33] Stier S.C, Mildenstein TL (2005) Dietary habits of the world’s largest bats. J Mammal 86:719–728.
[34] Trewhella WJ, Rodriguez-Clark KM, Corp N et al (2005) Environmental education as a component of multidisciplinary conservation programmes: lessons from conservation initiatives for critically endangered fruit bats in the Western Indian Ocean. Conserv Biol 19:75–85.
[35] Tuttle, M.D. (1976). Population ecology of the gray bat (Myotis grisescens): factors influencing growth and survival of newly volant young. Ecology 57: 587-595.
[36] Tuttle, M.D. and Stevenson, D. (1982). Growth and survival of bats. Pp. 105-150. In Ecology of Bats. Kunz, T.H. (Ed.). Plenum Press, New York.
[37] Warkentin, I.G., Greenberg, R. and Ortiz,J.S. (1995). Songbird use of gallery woodlands in recently cleared and older settled landscapes of the Selva Lacandona, Chiapas, Mexico. Conservation Biology 9: 1095-1106.
[38] Watson, J., Watson, A., Paull, D. and Freudenberger, D. (2003). Woodland fragmentation is causing the decline of species and functional groups of birds in southeastern Australia. Pacific Conservation Biology 8: 261-270.
[39] Williams, L.M. and Brittingham, M.C. (1997). Selection of maternity roosts by big brown bats. Journal of Wildlife Management 61: 359-368.
[40] Verboom, B. and Huitema, H. (1997). The importance of linear landscape elements for the pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellusand the serotine bat Eptesicus serotinus. Landscape Ecology 12: 117-125.
[41] Yuninui N.M (1990).Initiation practical report on Bambili Village. A research report, Regional College of Agriculture, Bambili. Cameroon.