Phenomenology and Production Mechanisms of Axion-Like Particles via Photon Interactions: A Theoretical and Numerical Review

N.N. Xuan; V.T. Thang

doi:10.22161/ijcmp.9.2.1

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Phenomenology and Production Mechanisms of Axion-Like Particles via Photon Interactions: A Theoretical and Numerical Review

N.N. Xuan , V.T. Thang

International Journal of Chemistry, Mathematics And Physics(IJCMP), Vol-9,Issue-2, April - June 2025, Pages 1-6 , 10.22161/ijcmp.9.2.1

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Article Info: Received: 08 May 2025; Received in revised form: 28 May 2025; Accepted: 04 Jun 2025; Available online: 11 Jun 2025

Abstract:

Axion-Like Particles (ALPs) are theoretical pseudoscalar particles proposed in various extensions of the Standard Model, with potential implications for dark matter and solutions to the strong CP problem. This paper presents a concise review of two principal mechanisms for ALP production: photon-photon fusion and the Primakoff effect. Through quantum field theoretical calculations, we derive and analyze the corresponding scattering cross-sections, highlighting their dependence on ALP mass, coupling constants, and center-of-mass energy. Numerical simulations using realistic parameters demonstrate how ALP production varies across energy regimes and under different experimental conditions. The sensitivity of detection is evaluated, with particular emphasis on experimental setups involving high-energy proton beams and fixed nuclear targets. We also discuss the challenges in isolating ALP signals from background processes and propose directions for enhancing experimental sensitivity. This study aims to provide a comprehensive yet accessible framework for understanding ALP phenomenology and contributes to the broader efforts in probing physics beyond the Standard Model.

Keywords:

ALPs, photon fusion, Primakoff effect, scattering cross-section, beyond Standard Model

References:

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Phenomenology and Production Mechanisms of Axion-Like Particles via Photon Interactions: A Theoretical and Numerical Review

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