IJHAF | Distribution, Biochemical Properties and Genetic Relatedness of Endophytic Bacteria of Wet land Plants from Petroleum-Contaminated Sites of the Niger Delta, Nigeria

Indexing and Abstracting

Distribution, Biochemical Properties and Genetic Relatedness of Endophytic Bacteria of Wet land Plants from Petroleum-Contaminated Sites of the Niger Delta, Nigeria

Juliana Okwena Pondei , Chimezie Jason Ogugbue , Gideon Chijioke Okpokwasili

International Journal of Horticulture, Agriculture and Food science(IJHAF), Vol-2,Issue-5, September - October 2018, Pages 155-173, 10.22161/ijhaf.2.5.1

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Abstract:

Microbe-assisted phytoremediation is a recent application of bioremediation with much prospects. The genetic relatedness of culturable endophytic bacteria of wetland plants growing on a six month-old and twelve month-old petroleum-contaminated sites, and an uncontaminated site in Bayelsa State of the Niger Delta Region, Nigeria were compared. Most of the endophyte species isolated from the roots, stems and leaves were common to all the sites and belong to the phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi and Actinomicrobia, with the γ-Proteobacteria dominating. Pseudomonas was the most prevalent species in all three sites, but higher in the petroleum contaminated sites. Biochemical properties (API 20E) of the common isolates; Pseudomonas spp.Chryseobacterium indologenes,Bacillus and Proteusvaried with sites while only Providencia rettgeri peculiar to the petroleum-contaminated sites showed the same properties. 16S rRNA PCR-DNA fragments of forty-five species of the isolates (15 from each site) were characterized using RFLP and MspI restriction enzyme and a genetic distance tree of the restriction patterns drawn. The percentage of similarity in the genetic relatedness of isolates ranged from 11.1 – 100%. The genetic tree analysis of the 45 species of identified bacteria revealed 3 major clusters with 17 DNA fingerprinting patterns. Pseudomonas species of the root and leaves of the six month-old petroleum-contaminated site and uncontaminated site were seen to cluster together irrespective of date of isolation. The endophytes may play a role in the in situ degradation of the petroleum hydrocarbon of the sites.

Keywords:

Endophytic bacteria, Petroleum, Phytoremediation, Wetlands, Wetland plants.

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